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13 8 SWITCHGEAR AND PROTECTION Course Code: 13EE1119 L 4 T 0 P 0 C 3 Pre requisites: Electrical Machines and Power Transmission Engineering Course Educational Objectives: ✤ To discuss the need for the protection and various protection schemes. ✤ To study different relays characteristics character istics ✤ To understand the method of circuit breaking, arcing phenomena – various arc theories theories - capacitive and inductive inductive breaking Course Outcomes: ✤ Students acquire knowledge in the field of power system protection, circuit breakers and relays. ✤ Students will gain ability to design the relevant protection systems for the main elements of a power system. UNIT-I ( 12 L ec tu re s) CIRCUIT BREAKERS: Principle of operation – RRRV – Current chopping- Circuit Breaker ratings and specifications, specifica tions, Testing Testing of Circuit Breakers. Constructi onal features and selection Constructional select ion of LT LT breakers (Miniature circuit circui t breakers/Metal clad circuit breakers/Earth leakage circuit breaker) and HT breakers (Air blast circuit breaker-Oil circuit breakers-SF6 CBVacuum Circuit Circuit Breakers) Breakers) UNIT-II ( 12 L ec t u re s ) PROTECTIVE RELA RELAYS-I: YS-I: Electromagnetic Relays: Principle of Operation and Construction of Attracted armature, Balanced Balanc ed Beam, induction Disc and Induction Cup relays. Relays Classification: Instantaneous, DMT and IDMT types, G V P College of Engineering (Autonomous) 2013 13 9 Application of relays: Over current, Under voltage, Directional, Differential and Percentage Differential.

UNIT-III (12 Lectures) PROTECTIVE RELAYS-II: Universal Torque Equation, Distance relays: Impedance, Reactance and Mho and Off-Set Mho relays, Characteristics of Distance Relays and Comparison. Static Relays, Static Relays verses Electromagnetic Relays. Microprocessor Based Relays: impedance, directional, reactance, Mho & offset Mho and mathematical expression for distance relay.

Mar 5, 2018 - Sunil S Rao, Switchgear Protection and Power Systems, Khanna Publishers,. Switchgear and protection by sunil s rao. Switchgear and Protection, Sunil S Rao, Khanna Publishers. Power system protection and switch gear by Bhuvanesh Oza, TMH.

UNIT-IV (12 Lectures) PROTECTION OF GENERATORS, TRANSFORMERS, FEEDERS AND BUS BARS: Protection of Generators against Stator faults, Rotor faults, and Abnormal Conditions. Restricted Earth Fault, Numerical Problems on% Winding Unprotected. Percentage Differential Protection of transformers, Numerical Problems on Design of CT’s Ratio, BUCHHOLTZ Relay Protection Protection of transmission Lines: Over Current, Carrier Current and Three-zone Distance Relay Protection using Impedance Relays. Translay Relay. Protection of Bus bars – Differential protection.

UNIT-V (12 Lectures) GROUNDING TECHNIQUES & OVER VOLTAGE PROTECTIONS: Grounded and Ungrounded Neutral Systems- Effects of Ungrounded Neutral on system performance- Methods of Neutral Grounding, Arcing Grounds and Grounding Practices. Protection against Over Voltages- Volt-Time Characteristics- Valve type and Zinc-Oxide Lighting Arresters - Insulation Coordination-BIL, Impulse Ratio, Standard Impulse Test Wave. TEXT BOOKS: 1. C R Mason, “Art& Science of Protective Relaying”, Wiley Eastern Ltd. G V P College of Engineering (Autonomous) 2013 14 0 2. Sunil S Rao, “Switchgear Protection and Power Systems”, Khanna Publishers, New Delhi, 11th Edition reprint 3rd Edition, 2008 REFERENCES: 1.

Badri Ram, Viswakarma.D.N., “Power System Protection and Switchgear”, TMH Publications, 2 nd Edition 2011. MadhavRao, “Power System Protection Static relays with Microprocessor Applications”, TMH Publication, 2nd Edition, 2006. Wadhwa, “Electrical Power Systems”, New Age International (P) Limited, Publishers, 5th Edition, 2009. Soni, Gupta, Bhatnagar, Chakrabarthy, “A Text book on Power System Engineering”, DhanpatRai & Co, 2008. Warrington and Coll, “Protective Relays”, Vol I & II. Pqr G V P College of Engineering (Autonomous) 2013.

Complete Notes Link – Unit 2 Link – Unit 3 Link – Unit 4 Link – Unit 5 Link – Unit 6 Link – Old Material Links Switchgear and Protection Notes Details UNIT – I Circuit Breakers-1 Circuit Breakers: Elementary principles of arc interruption, Recovery, Restriking Voltage and Recovery voltages.- Restriking Phenomenon, Average and Max. RRRV, Numerical Problems – Current Chopping and Resistance Switching – CB ratings and Specifications: Types and Numerical Problems. – Auto reclosures UNIT – II Circuit Breakers-2 Description and Operation of following types of circuit breakers: Minimum Oil Circuit breakers, Air Blast Circuit Breakers, Vacuum and SF6 circuit breakers. UNIT – III Electromagnetic and Static Relays The principle of Operation and Construction of Attracted armature, Balanced Beam, induction Disc and Induction Cup relays. Relays Classification: Instantaneous, DMT and IDMT types. Application of relays: Over current/ Under voltage relays, Direction relays, Differential Relays, and Percentage Differential Relays.